There are a variety of tests for dysphagia. They include: an X-ray of a bariumcoated esophagus; direct examination of the esophagus with an endoscope, a lighted instrument; a test with a pressure recorder to measure muscle contractions of the esophagus; video fluoroscopy and ultrasound, two forms of imaging that record patients swallowing.

It is estimated over 70 million Americans suffer from difficulty falling or staying asleep, also known as insomnia. Although most experience the occasional night with difficulty sleeping, to many the problem persists that becomes a chronic daily affair.